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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <script src="./callback.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <noscript>Your browser does not support JavaScript. This help page requires JavaScript to render correctly.</noscript> </head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Script-Type" content="text/javascript" /> <meta name="generator" content="Oracle DARB XHTML Converter (Mode = ohj/ohw) - Version 5.1.1 Build 005" /> <meta name="date" content="2009-04-21T9:46:24Z" /> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive" /> <meta name="doctitle" content="Using the FOR LOOP Statement" /> <meta name="relnum" content="11g Release 2 (11.2)" /> <meta name="partnum" content="E10766-01" /> <link rel="copyright" href="./dcommon/html/cpyr.htm" title="Copyright" type="text/html" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="./dcommon/css/blafdoc.css" title="Oracle BLAFDoc" type="text/css" /> <link rel="contents" href="toc.htm" title="Contents" type="text/html" /> <link rel="prev" href="tdddg_subprograms028.htm" title="Previous" type="text/html" /> <link rel="next" href="tdddg_subprograms030.htm" title="Next" type="text/html" /> <title>Using the FOR LOOP Statement</title> </head> <body> <div class="zz-skip-header"><a href="#BEGIN">Skip Headers</a></div> <table class="simple oac_no_warn" summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <col width="86%" /> <col width="*" /> <tr valign="bottom"> <td align="left"></td> <td align="center"><a href="tdddg_subprograms028.htm"><img width="24" height="24" src="./dcommon/gifs/leftnav.gif" alt="Previous" /><br /> <span class="icon">Previous</span></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="tdddg_subprograms030.htm"><img width="24" height="24" src="./dcommon/gifs/rightnav.gif" alt="Next" /><br /> <span class="icon">Next</span></a></td> </tr> </table> <p><a id="BABGDIJD" name="BABGDIJD"></a><a id="TDDDG44210" name="TDDDG44210"></a></p> <div class="sect2"><!-- infolevel="all" infotype="General" --> <h1>Using the FOR LOOP Statement</h1> <a name="BEGIN" id="BEGIN"></a> <p><a id="sthref431" name="sthref431"></a><a id="sthref432" name="sthref432"></a>The <code>FOR</code> <code>LOOP</code> statement repeats a sequence of statements once for each integer in the range <code><span class="codeinlineitalic">lower_bound</span></code> through <code><span class="codeinlineitalic">upper_bound</span></code>. Its syntax is:</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> FOR <span class="italic">counter</span> IN <span class="italic">lower_bound</span>..<span class="italic">upper_bound</span> LOOP <span class="italic">statement</span> [, <span class="italic">statement</span> ]... END LOOP; </pre> <p>The statements between <code>LOOP</code> and <code>END</code> <code>LOOP</code> can use <code><span class="codeinlineitalic">counter</span></code>, but cannot change its value.</p> <p>Suppose that, instead of only suggesting a salary increase, you want the <code>eval_frequency</code> function to report what the salary would be if it increased by the suggested amount every year for five years.</p> <p>Change the <code>eval_frequency</code> function as shown in bold font in the following example. (For information about the procedures that print sthe strings, <code>DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE</code>, see <a href="javascript:open('http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/lookup?id=ARPLS036','newWindow').focus()"><span class="italic">Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference</span></a>.)</p> <div class="example"><a id="BABJDIHB" name="BABJDIHB"></a><a id="TDDDG231" name="TDDDG231"></a> <p class="titleinexample">FOR LOOP Statement that Computes Salary After Five Years</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> FUNCTION eval_frequency (emp_id IN EMPLOYEES.EMPLOYEE_ID%TYPE) RETURN PLS_INTEGER AS h_date EMPLOYEES.HIRE_DATE%TYPE; today EMPLOYEES.HIRE_DATE%TYPE; eval_freq PLS_INTEGER; j_id EMPLOYEES.JOB_ID%TYPE; <span class="bold">sal EMPLOYEES.SALARY%TYPE;</span> <span class="bold">sal_raise NUMBER(3,3) := 0;</span> BEGIN SELECT SYSDATE INTO today FROM DUAL; SELECT HIRE_DATE INTO h_date FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = emp_id; IF ((h_date + (INTERVAL '120' MONTH)) < today) THEN eval_freq := 1; SELECT JOB_ID INTO j_id FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = emp_id; SELECT SALARY INTO sal FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = emp_id; CASE j_id WHEN 'PU_CLERK' THEN <span class="bold">sal_raise := 0.08</span>; WHEN 'SH_CLERK' THEN <span class="bold">sal_raise := 0.07</span>; WHEN 'ST_CLERK' THEN <span class="bold">sal_raise := 0.06</span>; WHEN 'HR_REP' THEN <span class="bold">sal_raise := 0.05</span>; WHEN 'PR_REP' THEN <span class="bold">sal_raise := 0.05</span>; WHEN 'MK_REP' THEN <span class="bold">sal_raise := 0.04</span>; ELSE NULL; END CASE; <span class="bold">IF (sal_raise != 0) THEN</span> <span class="bold">BEGIN</span> <span class="bold">DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('If salary ' || sal || ' increases by ' ||</span> <span class="bold">ROUND((sal_raise * 100),0) ||</span> <span class="bold">'% each year for 5 years, it will be:');</span> <span class="bold">FOR i IN 1..5 LOOP</span> <span class="bold">sal := sal * (1 + sal_raise);</span> <span class="bold">DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(ROUND(sal, 2) || ' after ' || i || ' year(s)');</span> <span class="bold">END LOOP;</span> <span class="bold">END;</span> <span class="bold">END IF;</span> ELSE eval_freq := 2; END IF; RETURN eval_freq; END eval_frequency; </pre></div> <!-- class="example" --> <div class="helpinfonotealso"> <h2>Related Topics</h2> <p><a href="javascript:open('http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/lookup?id=LNPLS01328','newWindow').focus()"><span class="italic">Oracle Database PL/SQL Language Reference</span></a> for the syntax of the statement</p> <p><a href="javascript:open('http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/lookup?id=LNPLS00403','newWindow').focus()"><span class="italic">Oracle Database PL/SQL Language Reference</span></a> for more information about using the statement</p> <p><a href="tdddg_subprograms025.htm#CIHHFJFJ">Controlling Program Flow</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- class="sect2" --> <!-- Start Footer --> <div class="footer"> <table class="simple oac_no_warn" summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <col width="86%" /> <col width="*" /> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="copyrightlogo">Copyright © 1996, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. 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