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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <script src="./callback.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <noscript>Your browser does not support JavaScript. This help page requires JavaScript to render correctly.</noscript> </head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Script-Type" content="text/javascript" /> <meta name="generator" content="Oracle DARB XHTML Converter (Mode = ohj/ohw) - Version 5.1.1 Build 005" /> <meta name="date" content="2009-04-21T9:46:25Z" /> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive" /> <meta name="doctitle" content="Representing Unicode String Literals in SQL and PL/SQL" /> <meta name="relnum" content="11g Release 2 (11.2)" /> <meta name="partnum" content="E10766-01" /> <link rel="copyright" href="./dcommon/html/cpyr.htm" title="Copyright" type="text/html" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="./dcommon/css/blafdoc.css" title="Oracle BLAFDoc" type="text/css" /> <link rel="contents" href="toc.htm" title="Contents" type="text/html" /> <link rel="prev" href="tdddg_globalization030.htm" title="Previous" type="text/html" /> <link rel="next" href="tdddg_globalization032.htm" title="Next" type="text/html" /> <title>Representing Unicode String Literals in SQL and PL/SQL</title> </head> <body> <div class="zz-skip-header"><a href="#BEGIN">Skip Headers</a></div> <table class="simple oac_no_warn" summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <col width="86%" /> <col width="*" /> <tr valign="bottom"> <td align="left"></td> <td align="center"><a href="tdddg_globalization030.htm"><img width="24" height="24" src="./dcommon/gifs/leftnav.gif" alt="Previous" /><br /> <span class="icon">Previous</span></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="tdddg_globalization032.htm"><img width="24" height="24" src="./dcommon/gifs/rightnav.gif" alt="Next" /><br /> <span class="icon">Next</span></a></td> </tr> </table> <p><a id="CACGJBJD" name="CACGJBJD"></a><a id="TDDDG63300" name="TDDDG63300"></a></p> <div class="sect2"> <h1>Representing Unicode String Literals in SQL and PL/SQL</h1> <a name="BEGIN" id="BEGIN"></a> <p>There are three ways to represent a <a id="sthref691" name="sthref691"></a>Unicode string literal in SQL or PL/SQL:</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>N'</code><code><span class="codeinlineitalic">string</span></code><code>'</code></p> <p>Example: <code>N'résumé'</code>.</p> <p>Limitations: See <a href="tdddg_globalization032.htm#CIHGJBFI">"Avoiding Data Loss During Character-Set Conversion"</a>.</p> </li> <li> <p><code>NCHR(</code><code><span class="codeinlineitalic">number</span></code><code>)</code></p> <p>The SQL function <code>NCHR</code> returns the character whose binary equivalent is <code><span class="codeinlineitalic">number</span></code> in the national character set. The character returned has data type <code>NVARCHAR2</code>.</p> <p>Example: <code>NCHR(36)</code> represents <code>$</code> in the default national character set, AL16UTF16.</p> <p>Limitations: Portability of the value of <code>NCHR(</code><code><span class="codeinlineitalic">number</span></code><code>)</code> is limited to applications that use the same national character set.</p> </li> <li> <p><code>UNISTR('</code><code><span class="codeinlineitalic">string</span></code><code>')</code></p> <p>The SQL function <code>UNISTR</code> converts <code><span class="codeinlineitalic">string</span></code> to the national character set.</p> <p>For portability and data preservation, Oracle recommends that <code><span class="codeinlineitalic">string</span></code> contain only ASCII characters and Unicode encoding values. A Unicode encoding value has the form <code>\xxxx</code>, where <code>xxxx</code> is the hexadecimal value of a character code value in UCS-2 encoding format.</p> <p>Example: <code>UNISTR('G\0061ry')</code> represents <code>'Gary'</code></p> <p>ASCII characters are converted to the database character set and then to the national character set. Unicode encoding values are converted directly to the national character set.</p> </li> </ul> <div class="helpinfonotealso"> <h2>Related Topics</h2> <p><a href="javascript:open('http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/lookup?id=NLSPG343','newWindow').focus()"><span class="italic">Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide</span></a></p> <p><a href="javascript:open('http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/lookup?id=SQLRF06154','newWindow').focus()"><span class="italic">Oracle Database SQL Language Reference</span></a> for more information about the <code>NCHR</code> function</p> <p><a href="javascript:open('http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/lookup?id=SQLRF06154','newWindow').focus()"><span class="italic">Oracle Database SQL Language Reference</span></a> for more information about the <code>UNISTR</code> function</p> <p><a href="tdddg_globalization009.htm#CACBHBBA">About Unicode and SQL National Character Data Types</a></p> <p><a href="tdddg_globalization030.htm#CACBIHDF">Using Unicode in Globalized Applications</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- class="sect2" --> <!-- Start Footer --> <div class="footer"> <table class="simple oac_no_warn" summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <col width="86%" /> <col width="*" /> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="copyrightlogo">Copyright © 1996, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. 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