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<meta name="doctitle" content="About the NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS Parameter" />
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<title>About the NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS Parameter</title>
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<p><a id="CACFEAAF" name="CACFEAAF"></a><a id="TDDDG62910" name="TDDDG62910"></a></p>
<div class="sect2">
<h1>About the NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS Parameter</h1>
<a name="BEGIN" id="BEGIN"></a>
<p><a id="sthref689" name="sthref689"></a><span class="bold">Specifies:</span> Length semantics for columns of the character data types <code>CHAR</code>, <code>VARCHAR2</code>, and <code>LONG</code>; that is, whether these columns are specified in bytes or in characters. (Applies only to columns that are declared after the parameter is set.)</p>
<p><span class="bold">Acceptable Values:</span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>BYTE</code></p>
<p>New <code>CHAR</code>, <code>VARCHAR2</code>, and <code>LONG</code> columns are specified in bytes.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>CHAR</code></p>
<p>New <code>CHAR</code>, <code>VARCHAR2</code>, and <code>LONG</code> columns are specified in characters.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p><span class="bold">Default Value:</span> <code>BYTE</code></p>
<p>To try this example in SQL&nbsp;Developer, enter the statements and queries in the SQL&nbsp;Worksheet. For information about the SQL&nbsp;Worksheet, see <a href="tdddg_selecting002.htm#BCGHHIJG">"Running Queries in SQL&nbsp;Developer"</a>. The results shown here are from SQL*Plus; their format is slightly different in SQL&nbsp;Developer.</p>
<div class="example"><a id="TDDDG271" name="TDDDG271"></a><a id="sthref690" name="sthref690"></a>
<p class="titleinexample">NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS Affects Storage of VARCHAR2 Column</p>
<ol>
<li><a id="CACDCGIC" name="CACDCGIC"></a>
<p>Note the current values of <code>NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS</code>.</p>
<p>For instructions, see <a href="tdddg_globalization011.htm#CACIIJGI">"Viewing NLS Parameter Values"</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the value of <code>NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS</code> in step&nbsp;<a href="#CACDCGIC">1</a> is not <code>BYTE</code>, change it:</p>
<pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn">
ALTER SESSION SET <span class="bold">NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS=BYTE</span>;
</pre></li>
<li>
<p>Create a table with a <code>VARCHAR2</code> column:</p>
<pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn">
CREATE TABLE SEMANTICS_BYTE(SOME_DATA VARCHAR2(20));
</pre></li>
<li>
<p>Click the tab <span class="bold">Connections</span>.</p>
<p>The Connections pane shows the connection <code>hr_conn</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Expand <span class="bold">hr_conn</span>.</p>
<p>A list of schema object types appears, including Tables.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Expand <span class="bold">Tables</span>.</p>
<p>A list of tables appears, including <code>SEMANTICS_BYTE</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Select <span class="bold">SEMANTICS_BYTE</span>.</p>
<p>To the right of the Connections pane, the Columns pane shows that for Column Name <code>SOME_DATA</code>, the Data Type is <code>VARCHAR2(20 BYTE)</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Change the value of <code>NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS</code> to <code>CHAR</code>:</p>
<pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn">
ALTER SESSION SET <span class="bold">NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS=CHAR</span>;
</pre></li>
<li>
<p>Create another table with a <code>VARCHAR2</code> column:</p>
<pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn">
CREATE TABLE SEMANTICS_CHAR(SOME_DATA VARCHAR2(20));
</pre></li>
<li>
<p>In the Connections pane, click the <span class="bold">Refresh icon</span>.</p>
<p>The list of tables now includes <code>SEMANTICS_CHAR</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Select <span class="bold">SEMANTICS_CHAR</span>.</p>
<p>The Columns pane shows that for Column Name <code>SOME_DATA</code>, the Data Type is <code>VARCHAR2(20 CHAR)</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Select <span class="bold">SEMANTICS_BYTE</span> again.</p>
<p>The Columns pane shows that for Column Name <code>SOME_DATA</code>, the Data Type is still <code>VARCHAR2(20 BYTE)</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Set the value of <code>NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS</code> to the value that it had in step&nbsp;<a href="#CACDCGIC">1</a>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>

<div class="helpinfonotealso">
<h2>Related Topics</h2>
<p><a href="javascript:open('http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/lookup?id=NLSPG235','newWindow').focus()"><span class="italic">Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide</span></a></p>
<p><a href="tdddg_globalization008.htm#i1008561">About Length Semantics</a></p>
<p><a href="tdddg_globalization012.htm#CACJAJGC">Changing NLS Parameter Values</a></p>
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