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<title>About the NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS Parameter</title>
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<p><a id="CACFIDDF" name="CACFIDDF"></a><a id="TDDDG62620" name="TDDDG62620"></a></p>
<div class="sect2">
<h1>About the NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS Parameter</h1>
<a name="BEGIN" id="BEGIN"></a>
<p><a id="sthref671" name="sthref671"></a><span class="bold">Specifies:</span> <a id="sthref672" name="sthref672"></a>Decimal character (which separates the integer and decimal parts of a number) and <a id="sthref673" name="sthref673"></a>group separator (which separates integer groups to show thousands and millions, for example). The group separator is the character returned by the <a id="sthref674" name="sthref674"></a><a id="sthref675" name="sthref675"></a>numeric format element <code>G</code>.</p>
<p><span class="bold">Acceptable Values:</span> Any two different single-byte characters except:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>A numeric character</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Plus (+)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Minus (-)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Less than (&lt;)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Greater than (&gt;)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p><span class="bold">Default Value:</span> Set by <code>NLS_TERRITORY</code>, described in <a href="tdddg_globalization018.htm#CACJBHAH">"About the NLS_TERRITORY Parameter"</a>.</p>
<p>In a SQL statement, you can represent a number as either:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Numeric literal</p>
<p>A numeric literal is not enclosed in quotation marks, always uses a period (.) as the decimal character, and never contains a group separator.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Text literal</p>
<p>A text literal is enclosed in single quotation marks. It is implicitly or explicitly converted to a number, if required, according to the current NLS settings.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The following example shows how two different <code>NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS</code> settings affect the displayed result of the same query.</p>
<p>To try this example in SQL&nbsp;Developer, enter the statements and queries in the SQL&nbsp;Worksheet. For information about the SQL&nbsp;Worksheet, see <a href="tdddg_selecting002.htm#BCGHHIJG">"Running Queries in SQL&nbsp;Developer"</a>. The results shown here are from SQL*Plus; their format is slightly different in SQL&nbsp;Developer.</p>
<div class="example"><a id="CACGDCBJ" name="CACGDCBJ"></a><a id="TDDDG265" name="TDDDG265"></a>
<p class="titleinexample">NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS Affects Decimal Character and Group Separator</p>
<ol>
<li><a id="CACDJJIE" name="CACDJJIE"></a>
<p>Note the current value of <code>NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS</code>.</p>
<p>For instructions, see <a href="tdddg_globalization011.htm#CACIIJGI">"Viewing NLS Parameter Values"</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the value of <code>NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS</code> in step&nbsp;<a href="#CACDJJIE">1</a> is not <code>",."</code> (decimal character is comma and group separator is period), change it:</p>
<pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn">
ALTER SESSION SET <span class="bold">NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS=",."</span>;
</pre></li>
<li>
<p>Run this query:</p>
<pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn">
SELECT TO_CHAR(4000, '9G999D99') "Number" FROM DUAL;
</pre>
<p>Result:</p>
<pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn">
Number
---------
 4<span class="bold">.</span>000<span class="bold">,</span>00
</pre></li>
<li>
<p>Change the value of <code>NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS</code> to <code>",."</code> (decimal character is period and group separator is comma):</p>
<pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn">
ALTER SESSION SET <span class="bold">NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS=".,"</span>;
</pre></li>
<li>
<p>Run this query:</p>
<pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn">
SELECT TO_CHAR(4000, '9G999D99') "Number" FROM DUAL;
</pre>
<p>Result:</p>
<pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn">
Number
---------
 4<span class="bold">,</span>000<span class="bold">.</span>00
</pre></li>
<li>
<p>Set <code>NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS</code> to the value that it had at step&nbsp;<a href="#CACDJJIE">1</a>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>

<div class="helpinfonotealso">
<h2>Related Topics</h2>
<p><a href="javascript:open('http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/lookup?id=NLSPG218','newWindow').focus()"><span class="italic">Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide</span></a></p>
<p><a href="tdddg_globalization006.htm#i1007693">About Numeric and Monetary Formats</a></p>
<p><a href="tdddg_globalization012.htm#CACJAJGC">Changing NLS Parameter Values</a></p>
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