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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <script src="./callback.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <noscript>Your browser does not support JavaScript. This help page requires JavaScript to render correctly.</noscript> </head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Script-Type" content="text/javascript" /> <meta name="generator" content="Oracle DARB XHTML Converter (Mode = ohj/ohw) - Version 5.1.1 Build 005" /> <meta name="date" content="2009-04-21T9:46:25Z" /> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive" /> <meta name="doctitle" content="About the NLS_DATE_FORMAT Parameter" /> <meta name="relnum" content="11g Release 2 (11.2)" /> <meta name="partnum" content="E10766-01" /> <link rel="copyright" href="./dcommon/html/cpyr.htm" title="Copyright" type="text/html" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="./dcommon/css/blafdoc.css" title="Oracle BLAFDoc" type="text/css" /> <link rel="contents" href="toc.htm" title="Contents" type="text/html" /> <link rel="prev" href="tdddg_globalization018.htm" title="Previous" type="text/html" /> <link rel="next" href="tdddg_globalization020.htm" title="Next" type="text/html" /> <title>About the NLS_DATE_FORMAT Parameter</title> </head> <body> <div class="zz-skip-header"><a href="#BEGIN">Skip Headers</a></div> <table class="simple oac_no_warn" summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <col width="86%" /> <col width="*" /> <tr valign="bottom"> <td align="left"></td> <td align="center"><a href="tdddg_globalization018.htm"><img width="24" height="24" src="./dcommon/gifs/leftnav.gif" alt="Previous" /><br /> <span class="icon">Previous</span></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="tdddg_globalization020.htm"><img width="24" height="24" src="./dcommon/gifs/rightnav.gif" alt="Next" /><br /> <span class="icon">Next</span></a></td> </tr> </table> <p><a id="CACIFHHI" name="CACIFHHI"></a><a id="TDDDG62410" name="TDDDG62410"></a></p> <div class="sect2"><!-- infolevel="all" infotype="General" --> <h1>About the NLS_DATE_FORMAT Parameter</h1> <a name="BEGIN" id="BEGIN"></a> <p><a id="sthref663" name="sthref663"></a><span class="bold">Specifies:</span> Default date format to use with the <code>TO_CHAR</code> and <code>TO_DATE</code> functions (which are introduced in <a href="tdddg_selecting016.htm#BCGFDEJD">"Using Conversion Functions in Queries"</a>).</p> <p><span class="bold">Acceptable Values:</span> Any any valid datetime format model. For example:</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> NLS_DATE_FORMAT='MM/DD/YYYY' </pre> <p>For information about datetime format models, see <a href="javascript:open('http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/lookup?id=SQLRF00212','newWindow').focus()"><span class="italic">Oracle Database SQL Language Reference</span></a>.</p> <p><span class="bold">Default Value:</span> Set by <code>NLS_TERRITORY</code>, described in <a href="tdddg_globalization018.htm#CACJBHAH">"About the NLS_TERRITORY Parameter"</a>.</p> <p>The default date format might not correspond to the convention used in a given territory. To get dates in localized formats, you can use the <a id="sthref664" name="sthref664"></a><a id="sthref665" name="sthref665"></a><code>'DS'</code> (short date) and <a id="sthref666" name="sthref666"></a><a id="sthref667" name="sthref667"></a><code>'DL'</code> (long date) formats.</p> <p>The following example shows how setting <code>NLS_TERRITORY</code> to <code>AMERICA</code> and <code>FRANCE</code> affects the default, short, and long date formats.</p> <p>To try this example in SQL Developer, enter the statements and queries in the SQL Worksheet. For information about the SQL Worksheet, see <a href="tdddg_selecting002.htm#BCGHHIJG">"Running Queries in SQL Developer"</a>. The results shown here are from SQL*Plus; their format is slightly different in SQL Developer.</p> <div class="example"><a id="CACJHAJI" name="CACJHAJI"></a><a id="TDDDG261" name="TDDDG261"></a> <p class="titleinexample">NLS_TERRITORY Affects Date Formats</p> <ol> <li><a id="CACFEDEH" name="CACFEDEH"></a> <p>Note the current value of <code>NLS_TERRITORY</code>.</p> <p>For instructions, see <a href="tdddg_globalization011.htm#CACIIJGI">"Viewing NLS Parameter Values"</a>.</p> </li> <li> <p>If the value in step <a href="#CACFEDEH">1</a> is not <code>AMERICA</code>, change it:</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> ALTER SESSION SET <span class="bold">NLS_TERRITORY=AMERICA</span>; </pre></li> <li><a id="CACFABIG" name="CACFABIG"></a> <p>Run this query:</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> SELECT hire_date "Default", TO_CHAR(hire_date,'DS') "Short", TO_CHAR(hire_date,'DL') "Long" FROM employees WHERE employee_id IN (111, 112, 113); </pre> <p>Result:</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> Default Short Long --------- ---------- ----------------------------- <span class="bold">30-SEP-97 9/30/1997 Tuesday, September 30, 1997</span> <span class="bold">07-MAR-98 3/7/1998 Saturday, March 07, 1998</span> <span class="bold">07-DEC-99 12/7/1999 Tuesday, December 07, 1999</span> 3 rows selected. </pre></li> <li> <p>Change the value of <code>NLS_TERRITORY</code> to <code>FRANCE</code>:</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> ALTER SESSION SET <span class="bold">NLS_TERRITORY=FRANCE</span>; </pre></li> <li> <p>Repeat the query from step <a href="#CACFABIG">3</a>.</p> <p>Result:</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> Default Short Long -------- ---------- --------------------------- <span class="bold">30/09/97 30/09/1997 tuesday 30 september 1997</span> <span class="bold">07/03/98 07/03/1998 saturday 7 march 1998</span> <span class="bold">07/12/99 07/12/1999 tuesday 7 december 1999</span> 3 rows selected. </pre> <p>(To get the names of the days and months in French, you must set either <code>NLS_LANGUAGE</code> or <code>NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE</code> to <code>FRENCH</code> before running the query.)</p> </li> <li> <p>Set <code>NLS_TERRITORY</code> to the value that it had at step <a href="#CACFEDEH">1</a>.</p> </li> </ol> </div> <!-- class="example" --> <p>The following example changes the value of <code>NLS_DATE_FORMAT</code>, overriding the default value set by <code>NLS_TERRITORY</code>.</p> <p>To try this example in SQL Developer, enter the statements and queries in the SQL Worksheet. For information about the SQL Worksheet, see <a href="tdddg_selecting002.htm#BCGHHIJG">"Running Queries in SQL Developer"</a>. The results shown here are from SQL*Plus; their format is slightly different in SQL Developer.</p> <div class="example"><a id="CACDIGCI" name="CACDIGCI"></a><a id="TDDDG262" name="TDDDG262"></a> <p class="titleinexample">NLS_DATE_FORMAT Overrides NLS_TERRITORY</p> <ol> <li><a id="CACEDIGG" name="CACEDIGG"></a> <p>Note the current values of <code>NLS_TERRITORY</code> and <code>NLS_DATE_FORMAT</code>.</p> <p>For instructions, see <a href="tdddg_globalization011.htm#CACIIJGI">"Viewing NLS Parameter Values"</a>.</p> </li> <li> <p>If the valueof <code>NLS_TERRITORY</code> in step <a href="#CACEDIGG">1</a> is not <code>AMERICA</code>, change it:</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> ALTER SESSION SET <span class="bold">NLS_TERRITORY=AMERICA</span>; </pre></li> <li> <p>If the valueof <code>NLS_DATE_FORMAT</code> in step <a href="#CACEDIGG">1</a> is not <code>'Day Month ddth'</code>, change it:</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> ALTER SESSION SET <span class="bold">NLS_DATE_FORMAT='Day Month ddth'</span>; </pre></li> <li> <p>Run this query (from previous example, step <a href="#CACFABIG">3</a>):</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> SELECT hire_date "Default", TO_CHAR(hire_date,'DS') "Short", TO_CHAR(hire_date,'DL') "Long" FROM employees WHERE employee_id IN (111, 112, 113); </pre> <p>Result:</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> Default Short Long ------------------------ ---------- ----------------------------- <span class="bold">Tuesday September 30th</span> 9/30/1997 Tuesday, September 30, 1997 <span class="bold">Saturday March 07th</span> 3/7/1998 Saturday, March 07, 1998 <span class="bold">Tuesday December 07th</span> 12/7/1999 Tuesday, December 07, 1999 3 rows selected. </pre></li> <li> <p>Set <code>NLS_TERRITORY</code> and <code>NLS_DATE_FORMAT</code> to the values that they had at step <a href="#CACEDIGG">1</a>.</p> </li> </ol> </div> <!-- class="example" --> <div class="helpinfonotealso"> <h2>Related Topics</h2> <p><a href="javascript:open('http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/lookup?id=NLSPG204','newWindow').focus()"><span class="italic">Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide</span></a></p> <p><a href="javascript:open('http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/lookup?id=SQLRF06128','newWindow').focus()"><span class="italic">Oracle Database SQL Language Reference</span></a> for more information about the <code>TO_CHAR</code> function</p> <p><a href="javascript:open('http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/lookup?id=SQLRF06132','newWindow').focus()"><span class="italic">Oracle Database SQL Language Reference</span></a> for more information about the <code>TO_DATE</code> function</p> <p><a href="tdddg_globalization004.htm#CACJDJFD">About Date and Time Formats</a></p> <p><a href="tdddg_globalization012.htm#CACJAJGC">Changing NLS Parameter Values</a></p> <p><a href="tdddg_globalization015.htm#CACHJFJF">About Individual NLS Parameters</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- class="sect2" --> <!-- Start Footer --> <div class="footer"> <table class="simple oac_no_warn" summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <col width="86%" /> <col width="*" /> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="copyrightlogo">Copyright © 1996, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. 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