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<h1>About Length Semantics</h1>
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<p><a id="sthref634" name="sthref634"></a><a id="sthref635" name="sthref635"></a>In single-byte <a id="sthref636" name="sthref636"></a>character sets, the number of bytes and the number of characters in a string are the same. In multibyte character sets, a character or code point consists of one or more bytes. Calculating the number of characters based on byte length can be difficult in a variable-width character set. Calculating column length in bytes is called <a id="sthref637" name="sthref637"></a><a id="sthref638" name="sthref638"></a><span class="bold">byte semantics</span>, while measuring column length in characters is called <a id="sthref639" name="sthref639"></a><a id="sthref640" name="sthref640"></a><span class="bold">character semantics</span>.</p>
<p>Character semantics is useful for specifying the storage requirements for multibyte strings of varying widths. For example, in a Unicode database (AL32UTF8), suppose that you must have a <code>VARCHAR2</code> column that can store up to five Chinese characters with five English characters. Using byte semantics, this column requires 15 bytes for the Chinese characters, which are 3 bytes long, and 5 bytes for the English characters, which are 1 byte long, for a total of 20 bytes. Using character semantics, the column requires 10 characters.</p>
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<p><a href="tdddg_globalization029.htm#CACFEAAF">About the NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS Parameter</a></p>
<p><a href="javascript:open('http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/lookup?id=NLSPG002','newWindow').focus()"><span class="italic">Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide</span></a></p>
<p><a href="#i1008561">About Length Semantics</a></p>
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