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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Script-Type" content="text/javascript" /> <title>Understanding How Authentication Works</title> <meta name="generator" content="Oracle DARB XHTML Converter (Mode = ohj/ohw) - Version 5.1" /> <meta name="date" content="2009-04-14T16:11:31Z" /> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive" /> <meta name="doctitle" content="Understanding How Authentication Works" /> <meta name="relnum" content="Release 3.2" /> <meta name="partnum" content="E11947-01" /> <link rel="copyright" href="dcommon/html/cpyr.htm" title="Copyright" type="text/html" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="dcommon/css/blafdoc.css" title="Oracle BLAFDoc" type="text/css" /> <link rel="contents" href="toc.htm" title="Contents" type="text/html" /> <link rel="up" href="preface.htm" title="Home" type="text/html" /> <link rel="up" href="sec.htm" title="Managing Application Security" type="text/html" /> <link rel="up" href="sec_authentication.htm" title="Establishing User Identity ..." type="text/html" /> <link rel="up" href="sec_auth_about.htm" title="Understanding How Authentic..." type="text/html" /> <link rel="prev" href="sec_authentication.htm" title="Previous" type="text/html" /> <link rel="next" href="sec_auth_include.htm" title="Next" type="text/html" /> </head> <body> <p id="BREADCRUMBING"><a href="preface.htm" title="Home">Home</a> > <a href="sec.htm" title="Managing Application Security">Managing Application Security</a> > <a href="sec_authentication.htm" title="Establishing User Identity ...">Establishing User Identity ...</a> > Understanding How Authentic...</p> <table class="simple oac_no_warn" summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <col width="86%" /> <col width="*" /> <tr valign="bottom"> <td align="left"></td> <td align="center"><a href="sec_authentication.htm"><img src="dcommon/gifs/leftnav.gif" alt="Previous" /><br /> <span class="icon">Previous</span></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="sec_auth_include.htm"><img src="dcommon/gifs/rightnav.gif" alt="Next" /><br /> <span class="icon">Next</span></a></td> </tr> </table> <p><a id="BABCEGGJ" name="BABCEGGJ"></a></p> <div class="sect2"><!-- infolevel="all" infotype="General" --> <h1><a name="HTMDB25765" id="HTMDB25765"></a>Understanding How Authentication Works</h1> <p>You determine how your application interacts with users. If all users have the same rights and privileges, they are referred to as public users. However, if your application needs to track each user individually, you need to specify an authentication method.</p> <p>Authentication establishes the identity of each user who accesses your application. Many authentication processes require that a user provide some type of credentials such as a user name and password. These credentials are then evaluated and they either pass or fail. If the credentials pass, the user has access to the application. Otherwise, access is denied.</p> <p>Once a user has been identified, the Application Express engine keeps track of each user by setting the value of the built-in substitution string <code>APP_USER</code>. As a user navigates from page to page, the Application Express engine sets the value of <code>APP_USER</code> to identify the user. The Application Express engine uses <code>APP_USER</code> as one component of a key for tracking each user's session state.</p> <p>From a programming perspective, you can access <code>APP_USER</code> using the following syntax:</p> <ul> <li> <p>From PL/SQL:</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> V('APP_USER') </pre></li> <li> <p>As a bind variable from either PL/SQL or SQL:</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> :APP_USER </pre></li> </ul> <p>You can use <code>APP_USER</code> to perform your own security checks and conditional processing. For example, suppose you created the following table:</p> <pre xml:space="preserve" class="oac_no_warn"> CREATE TABLE my_security_table ( user_id VARCHAR2(30), privilege VARCHAR2(30)); </pre> <p>Once created, you could populate this table with user privilege information and then use it to control the display of pages, tabs, navigation bars, buttons, regions, or any other control or component.</p> <div align="center"> <div class="inftblnotealso"><br /> <table class="NoteAlso oac_no_warn" summary="" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td align="left"> <p class="notep1">See Also:</p> <a href="concept_sub_strings.htm#BEIHCJBG">"APP_USER"</a> and <a href="bldr_attr_sec.htm#CHDJGEAG">"Configuring Security Attributes"</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <br /></div> <!-- class="inftblnotealso" --></div> </div> <!-- class="sect2" --> <!-- Start Footer --> <div class="footer"> <table class="simple oac_no_warn" summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <col width="86%" /> <col width="*" /> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="copyrightlogo">Copyright © 2003, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.</span><br /> <a href="dcommon/html/cpyr.htm"><span class="copyrightlogo">Legal Notices</span></a></td> <td align="center"><a href="sec_authentication.htm"><img src="dcommon/gifs/leftnav.gif" alt="Previous" /><br /> <span class="icon">Previous</span></a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="sec_auth_include.htm"><img src="dcommon/gifs/rightnav.gif" alt="Next" /><br /> <span class="icon">Next</span></a></td> </tr> </table> </div> <!-- class="footer" --> </body> </html>
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